بررسی نقش ارضای نیازهای بنیادین روان‌شناختی با سازگاری اجتماعی و کیفیت دوستی در دانش‌آموزان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تبریز، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری روان شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه تبریز، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری روان شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: پژوهش حاضر، باهدف بررسی نقش ارضای نیازهای بنیادین روان‌شناختی با سازگاری اجتماعی و کیفیت دوستی در دانش‌آموزان است.
روش‌ها: روش پژوهش‌، توصیفی‌ و از نوع همبستگی‌ است‌. جامعۀ آماری شامل تمامی دانش‌آموزان پسر دورۀ دوم متوسطۀ شهر خوی در سال تحصیلی 1403- 1402 که تعداد آن‌ها 5543 بود. تعداد 360 دانش‌آموز با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای، با استفاده از فرمول کوکران به­عنوان نمونۀ آماری پژوهش انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها مقیاس نیازهای بنیادین روان‌شناختی (لی گاردیا و همکاران، 2000)، پرسشنامه کیفیت دوستی (زهره وند، 1380) و پرسش­نامۀ سازگاری فردی – اجتماعی کالیفرنیا (کلارک و همکاران، 1953) بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون گام به گام در نرم افزار 23 spss - تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج همبستگی پیرسون نشان داد ارضای نیازهای بنیادین روان‌شناختی همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری با مؤلفه‌های سازگاری اجتماعی (قالب‌های اجتماعی، مهارت‌های اجتماعی‌، روابط‌ خانوادگی، روابط‌ مدرسه‌ای و روابط‌ اجتماعی) و با مؤلفه‌های کیفیت دوستی (مجاورت، افشای خود، رضایتمندی و اعتماد) و همبستگی منفی و معنی‌داری با مؤلفه‌های سازگاری اجتماعی در (علائق‌ ضداجتماعی) وجود دارد. علاوه بر این نتایج حاصل از رگرسیون گام به گام نشان داد که ارضای نیازهای بنیادین روان‌شناختی به میزان 30 درصد می‌تواند سازگاری اجتماعی و ارضای نیازهای بنیادین روان‌شناختی به میزان 37 درصد می‌تواند کیفیت دوستی دانش‌آموزان را پیش‌بینی کند.
نتیجه‌گیری: درمجموع، نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از این پژوهش، وقتی ارضای نیازهای بنیادین روان‌شناختی دانش‌آموزان برآورده شود راهبردی مؤثر برای بهبود سازگاری اجتماعی و کیفیت دوستی در دانش‌آموزان است.




 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Role of Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction in Students' Social Adjustment and Quality of Friendships

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahram Vahedi 1
  • amir yekanizad 2
  • Somayeh Aalizadeh 3
1 Professor, Department of Educational Science,University of Tabriz, , Iran
2 Ph.D Student in Eduactional Psychology, University of Tabriz, Iran.
3 Ph.D Student in Eduactional Psychology,Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz,, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective: This study aims to investigate the role of satisfying basic psychological needs in the social adjustment and friendship quality of students.
Methods: The present study employed a descriptive and correlational research design. The statistical population included all male high school students in Khoy City during the academic year 2023-2024, totaling 5,543 individuals. A sample of 360 students was selected using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method, with the sample size determined by Cochran's formula. The data collection instruments included the Basic Psychological Needs Scale (Li Gardia et al., 2000), the Friendship Quality Questionnaire (Hijazi & Zohrevand, 2006), and the California Personal-Social Adjustment Questionnaire (Clark et al., 1953). Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise regression in SPSS version 23.
Results: The findings indicated that the satisfaction of basic psychological needs was positively and significantly correlated with various components of social adjustment (including social patterns, social skills, family relationships, school relationships, and social relationships) and with friendship quality (such as proximity, self-disclosure, satisfaction, and trust). Conversely, a negative and significant correlation was found between the satisfaction of basic psychological needs and the component of interests within social adjustment. Additionally, stepwise regression analysis revealed that the satisfaction of basic psychological needs could predict 30% of the variance in social adjustment and 37% of the variance in friendship quality among students.
Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study suggest that fulfilling students' basic psychological needs is an effective strategy for enhancing social adjustment and friendship quality among students.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Basic psychological needs
  • Quality of friendship
  • Social adjustment
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